Group Media Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Marley and Me free essay sample

Marley and me: life and love with the world’s most noticeably awful pooch is a New York Times top of the line novel composed by John Grogan , a columnist and furthermore a genuine essayist in America. The book , distributed in 2005 , is more a self-portraying book than a novel on the grounds that the entire story depends on the author’s individual involvement in his cherished pooch Marley. So , the creator John Grogan and his better half Jenny , are additionally the main characters in Marley and me . The book is such a hit, that in 2008 a film was adjusted from it , which likewise is extremely fruitful. Told in first-individual account , the book centers around the 13 years that John and his family went through with their canine Marley. As should be obvious from the caption of the book : life and love with the world’s most exceedingly awful canine , Marley isn't a submissive pooch. It is depicted as a tumultuous , uncontrolled yellow Labrador. We will compose a custom article test on Marley and Me or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Another couple , John and Jenny , were considering having an infant. Absence of experience , they chose to raise a pooch to work on being guardians since dealing with a canine , simply like a child, requires tolerance and consideration. So that is the way Marley turned into another individual from the family. Marley was devious to such an extent that it was constantly eager and ruinous of furniture. Be that as it may, the couple excused it and adored it much more . As life went on with Marley , the couple chose to have their first infant . Lamentably , Jenny had a premature birth while conveying the primary child. Life was extreme yet Marley was consistently there for them. Baffled as they were , they chosen to attempted again and fortunately they had three kids later on . Life is glad for the couple. A long time slipped by before the couple understood that Marley was not, at this point a pup, yet an old canine. Marley was not, at this point insidious , rambunctious as it was . It was a dismal second in the story when John needed to offer consent to the vet to take care of Marley until the end of time. The entire family were discouraged however they realized it was best for Marley. The entire family missed Marley such a great amount of that after Marley’s passing , they raised another pooch which incredibly looks like Marley. The creator himself once depicted Marley : In all sorts of challenges , in disorder and wellbeing, we didn’t abandon Marley thus it was to us , and at long last he came through and substantiated himself an incredible and paramount pet. Marley and me isn't a book primarily centers around the pet , however on life and love with the pet. What is uncommon in this book is that it only from time to time reveals to you that Marley is growing up . Rather, the creator recounts anecdote about John and Jenny quite a long time after year. Thirteen years is a serious long excursion for everybody. Perhaps the couple never acknowledged how extraordinary life would be in the event that they didn’t choose to raise Marley or some other canine. Marley is so one of a kind and unique to the couple since Marley went with them for a long time. In thirteen years , numerous important things occurred. At the point when they hanged their activity , when they got an advancement, when they purchased another house , when they had an extremely intense time while losing their first infant , when they originally became guardians , Marley was consistently there , living under a similar rooftop with them and imparted to them their satisfactio n or sharpness. Life is a clashing orchestra. Whatever life it is for the couple, Marley was with them. Regardless of the way that Marley was very devious and clamorous , the couple didn’t desert it . The pet and the family were bound up with one another , encountering the flavor of coexistence. That is the motivation behind why Marley implied such a great amount to John, Jenny and their kids and furthermore clarifies why the caption of Marley and me would be : life and love with the world’s most noticeably awful canine. The book utilizes the story among Marley and the couple as a system for discussing life, love and the battles of starting a marriage, beginning a family and capitalizing on each second , which I believe is the best achievement of Marley and me. In the event that it basically depicts how stunning and underhanded Marley is , it might just engage individuals who are enamored with pets. Yet, Marley and me isn't that sort of book. On the off chance that you don’t like pooches, you can in any case appreciate the book particularly on the grounds that the book considers life , which causes you to contemplate in the wake of understanding it. Since it is a book dependent on evident stories , the language of Marley and me is so distinctive and genuine as though you could perceive how time passes quickly in this valuable 13 years. Marley used to be enthusiastic , yet as time went on , Marley started to handicap onto the stage and step by step lost its hearing. It a tale about Marley’s entire life and a valuable period of the youthful couple. Nobody is immaculate, so is the pooch. Be that as it may, when you have been an individual from a family, you never abandon each other . Rather , you decide to help and go with them whether they are cheerful or they are discouraged. Despite the fact that John regularly alludes to Marley as â€Å"the world’s most exceedingly terrible dog† in the book , Marley and him come to share an unbreakable bond. Marley and me isn't only a story among John and his canine, yet a story among John and his closest companion , who has goes with him for a long time and furthermore brought such a great amount of happiness just as inconvenience to him.

Writing College Term Papers

Writing College Term PapersWriting college term papers is a daunting task that most students will never accomplish on their own. If you need to write a paper for your course, you should consult with a qualified English instructor or book on how to become an expert writer. The Internet is full of tips and advice, and you can get inspiration by browsing through other students' term papers.Most college term papers require the use of a software program to create them. Depending on your level of experience, you can type in your paper from a word processing program, or design it using Microsoft Word. You can also hire an experienced typist to do the work for you. Whether you type and layout with Microsoft Word, you will need to go over all the writing tips discussed in this article before the start of class.o- Coloring in by hand - This method works well for students who have not typed or done word processing on their own yet. When designing a term paper, consider making each page as attra ctive as possible. With a pencil and paper, color in the heading, margins, and subheadings, then print the document. Allow the colors to bleed into one another, which makes the document more interesting. Keep the paper on a clean white or ivory surface, as this allows the student to play around with their design.o- Using software- This method works best for the beginner. Select a term paper format; Microsoft Word, Microsoft Publisher, or Open Office Writer are available online for free. Write your essay, fill in the information, and print it in Word or Publisher. Once the work is finished, it is then saved as a Microsoft Word Document file, which can be converted to Open Office Writer.o- Using a word processor - This method is great for the serious student, especially for those who prefer not to spend money on paper and word processor software. Start with a simple outline, then decide whether you want to save it or turn it into a digital version. Once you are happy with the document , convert it to Word or PDF format by using a word processor.o- Editing by hand - This method requires extensive time and patience. Carefully edit each paragraph, subheading, headings, and back to back statements to get the most out of the paper. Correct grammatical errors, cross out words that are incorrect, and add any additional information that the writer needs to complete the assignment.o- Spelling and grammar - Since so many writing tips will be used in writing college term papers, a basic knowledge of grammar will be necessary. Check the spelling and punctuation of each paragraph, then check for grammar mistakes by using a spell checker. Edit each paragraph once the editing is done, check for grammar errors again using a spell checker, and then print the paper.Since so many students are looking for ways to make the writing process easier, many bookkeeping and accounting courses have been designed specifically for students who are looking to improve their grades in writing col lege term papers. It is important to find a bookkeeper or accountant who is experienced and qualified to do the work. These students are required to understand and solve accounting problems, and they must be willing to put in the work to succeed in the course.

Theme of Horror in the Sleepy Hollow Essay - 2188 Words

Theme of Horror in the Sleepy Hollow The film Sleepy Hollow is a fantasy/gothic horror film; the rating 15 tells us it probably has some gore in it. As we watch the film, some parts could also be described as thriller. The director Tim Burton is known for his love of Hammer horror films and before starting work on this film he encouraged his team to watch Hammer horror films like Black Sunday and The Fearless Vampire Killers, as this was the effect he wanted to put across in Sleepy Hollow. The film focuses on images or darkness, conflict, references to torture, isolation, ghosts, violence and a sense of questioning. As far as main characters go, Burton chose an all-star cast of actors†¦show more content†¦The horror in the film is presented through camera shots and angles, sound, lighting and editing. Fairy-tale like images throughout the film are improved by Emmanuel Lubezkis style of lighting from the set design to the costumes worn. As most of the shots are outdoor, mist was often needed; an almost black and white feel was needed, very monochromatic. The score for the film is by Danny Elfman. Danny has built up a reputation for producing scores for films of a horror genre. Sleepy Hollow, as a film, and its soundtrack are often compared to Edward Scissorhands, but Sleepy Hollow has added an element of violence and is described as a pure horror film. For the volume and intensity needed for the music Elfman got 2 full London choirs involved. The music is very significant and to achieve the haunting sounds needed Elfman mixes both the adults and childrens choirs together. In this creepy story, Sleepy Hollow, Ichabod Crane is sent from New York on an investigation of mysterious deaths, in which all the bodies were found headless. Crane soon realises whom everyone suspects, the Headless Horseman; the ghost of the Hessian. The film was produced in a studio and digitally re-constructed, being shot like this gives the film a sense of unreality which adds to the theme of horror and fantasy, like a nightmare world.Show MoreRelatedThe Tell Tale Heart And The Legend Of Sleepy Hollow1690 Words   |  7 PagesThe Themes â€Å"The Tell-Tale Heart† and â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† One of Washington Irving’s short and most famous stories ‘The Legend of Sleepy Hollow’ has become a ghoulish characteristic yet an individual might still be unaccustomed with its idiocy (Hoffman, 425). Based on the real legend of Ichabod Crane, the story reveals how he disappeared. For that reason, the story revolves around the themes of wealth, appearances, truth, warfare, supernatural, gluttony and greed. On the other hand, TheRead MoreThe Legend Sleepy Hollow By Washington Irving928 Words   |  4 PagesTortolla 21st of September 2015 B Block Sleepy Hollow In the Legend Sleepy Hollow by Washington Irving, the reader follows the story of a Man named Ichabod Crane. It all takes place in 18th century New York, where we see Ichabod the lanky, poor, school teacher attempt to court the rich and lovely Katrina Van Tassel. Ichabod comes to Sleepy Hollow, New York, from his home state of Connecticut, to be the schoolmaster of the village. The town of Sleepy Hollow and its inhabitants are said to be underRead MoreThe Legend Of The Sleepy Hollow1413 Words   |  6 PagesThe Legend of the Sleepy Hollow â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† is a rather intriguing story about an American man Ichabod Crane who relocates to the small town of Sleepy Hollow. It is a town that is quite superstitious and seems to be haunted by the ghost of a headless horse-rider. In the town, Crane falls in love with a girl Katrina and is held in a twist with another suitor Brom. However, as Brom has been able to intimidate all other potential suitors, he is unable to scare Ichabod away physicallyRead MoreThe Masque Of The Red Death Analysis782 Words   |  4 PagesThe Masque of the Red Death The â€Å"Masque of the Red Death†, written by Edgar Allen Poe is an undoubted suspenseful piece of literature based on the most catastrophic epidemic in human history. There are many possible themes in this work, but the one to be focused on is pride. Poe uses imagery, symbolism, and allegory to turn the story into something more than a basic work of fiction. Following the death of over half his kingdom the protagonist, Prince Prospero, invites a bunch of nobles to his safeRead More Comparing Sleepy Hollow and The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow Essay979 Words   |  4 PagesComparing Sleepy Hollow and The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow Over time, a change has occurred from the typical horror story to a violent and bloody legend. The original short story The Legend of the Sleepy Hollow is an example of a simple, yet mysterious fable in which Ichabod Crane acts as the protagonist. Ichabod becomes the victim of the feared headless horseman after believing the superstitious tales of this spirit preying in the night. The film that is supposedly based upon theRead MoreThe Legend Of Sleepy Hollow1179 Words   |  5 PagesOn October 12th, 2017, the Averitt Center produced â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† at the Black Box Theatre in Statesboro, GA. â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† is based on the story by Washington Irving and was dramatized by Kathryn Schultz Miller. â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† was directed by Bathany DeZelle. Main actors were Zac Davis, Edward Preble, Grace Jarrell, John Parcels, Edy Kaleta, Aubrey Roberts, Sofia Costantini, Kenzie Cannady, Kian DeVine, and Ernesto M oina. Other actors included were XavierRead MoreSleepy Hollow: The Film and The Story Essay1473 Words   |  6 PagesWashington Irving’s short story, â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow,† was adapted into a movie titled â€Å"Sleepy Hollow† directed by Tim Burton nearly two centuries after the original publication. When the story was adapted as a film, several extensive changes were made. A short story easily read in one sitting was turned into a nearly two-hour thriller, mystery, and horror movie by incorporating new details and modifying the original version of the story. The short story relates the failed courtship of KatrinaRead MoreGothic Genre Explored in Tim Burtons Films Essay3011 Words   |  13 PagesGothic Genre explored in Tim Burtons films Essay Tim Burton is successful in creating horror films such as Edward Scissor Hands (1990), Nightmare before Christmas (1993) and Sleepy Hollow (1999), through his incorporation of Gothic Elements within the setting, flawed hero and the manifestation of the sense of dread and terror. A horror film can be defined as a motion picture that seek to elicit a negative emotional reaction from the audience by playing on the viewer’s most primal fears. This isRead MoreSupernatural Elements Of The Nineteenth Century1693 Words   |  7 Pagesespecially. Supernatural elements are not present in all Romantic literature; however, the supernatural approach was an important and arguably crucial strategy for Romanticism to achieve its purposes. In order to fully understand how supernatural themes played such a large role in Romanticism, we must further explore what Romanticism really is. This spiritual and artistic movement rejected rationalism, and emerged as a reaction against ‘the age of enlightenment’, which put strong emphasis on reasonRead MoreSupernatural Essay1273 Words   |  6 Pagesmurder and animal cruelty. â€Å"The Raven† by Edgar Allan Poe: â€Å"The Legend of Sleepy Hollow† by Washington Irving: Gothic Literature Definition- â€Å"a genre of fiction characterized by mystery and supernatural horror, often set in a dark castle or other medieval setting†- â€Å"Gothic novel.† Dictionary.com, Dictionary.com, 29 Nov. 2017, www.dictionary.com/browse/gothic-novel. C. Thesis Statement: The theme of the supernatural to show gothic ideals is present in the three short stories

I Think About The Word Ethics - 1489 Words

When I think about the word ethics the first thing that comes to mind is what is it, and what does it mean to me? Ethics itself is how one conducts themselves in what they deem is an appropriate manner. It is the basis of our moral decisions and makes us who we are as people and influences our choices. There are different components in ethics that consist of, acting out of duty, good intentions, consequences, utility or outcome of one’s actions and striving to be a virtuous person. The one that stands out the most and influences my behavior is virtue. Whether it is my thoughts or actions I try to remain virtuous in my behavior. Doing the right thing because that is what is morally right is how I make my decisions. I would rather go out of†¦show more content†¦Overcoming these vices and still maintaining a virtuous attitude shows true strength and virtuous character. This, I also believe, stands out as one of the important aspects of virtue. Even when difficult vices are set in front of you to choose along with the good, being virtuous would result in picking the right choice because it is simply that, the right thing to do. Augustine Aurelius, more commonly known by the name Saint Augustine, was quite astonishingly one of the most important and influential thinkers in history as we know it. Although he had extremely pessimistic views, his way of thinking towards contemporary political theory shaped his following and ideas into what is known about him today. â€Å"Many critics target Augustine s pessimism, arguing that his fixation on sin and longing for the heavenly city deny the value of this-worldly politics.†(Lamb, 2014) Born in Tagaste in 354, he was particularly exposed to varying cultures and religion. Living in North Africa throughout his childhood, he saw and recognized the coexistence of these cultures and religions around the time of Emperor Constantine. The edict of religious tolerance took the forefront around 1313, and this inspired him to search for the truth. He set out to reach this goal after examining and reading the works of Cicero. His exhortation to â€Å"love wisdom† was what sparked the inspiration of Augustine to explore different doctrines that were presented at the time of his life.Show MoreRelatedEthics : Ethics And Ethics851 Words   |  4 PagesJohn Berger who stated, â€Å"Without ethics, man has no future. This is to say, mankind without them cannot be itself. Ethics determine choices and actions and suggest difficult priorities† (Berger). His meaning behind that quote is simple. In this world is there a right and a wrong way of doing something? In this world, ethics determines our actions and the consequences that come about those actions, determining right and wrong. The real question is however, are Ethics black and white? Is what is â€Å"right†Read MorePersonal Code of Ethics Essay1533 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Code of Ethics Having a personal code of ethics is very important to me since it defines who I am and what my beliefs are. My ethical code symbolizes who I am as an individual as a result of my moral, religious, intellectual and cultural upbringing. One of my greatest wishes is for my personality and actions to clearly define my code of ethics, without me verbalizing or someone else reading it on a document. Some questions that I would like others to ask and come up with theirRead MoreChristian Ethics : The Bible870 Words   |  4 PagesRyan DeHooge Mr. Ingram Christian Ethics 6 May 2017 Christian Ethics Summary By definition, ethics is the branch of philosophy dealing with what is morally right and wrong. As a Christian, ethics takes on a whole new meaning because it bases what is right or wrong on what the Bible teaches us. I have gained a lot of spiritual and Biblical knowledge this year in the study of Christian ethics. In class we discussed numerous teachings from the Bible in which Jesus shares God’s spiritual and moralRead MoreEssay on Virtue Ethics900 Words   |  4 PagesVirtue, when I hear that word I think of value and morality and only good people can be virtuous. When I hear the word ethics I think of good versus evil, wrong and right. Now when the two are put together you get virtue ethics. You may wonder what can virtue ethics possibly mean. It’s just two words put together to form some type of fancy theory. Well this paper will discuss virtue ethics and the philosophy behind it. Virtue ethics is a theory that focuses on character development and what virtuesRead MoreMedia Ethics Definition1554 Words   |  7 PagesDictionary defines ethics as moral standards and as a system of morals. Websters then defines moral as, of or dealing with right or wrong. Similarly, media ethics are moral standards that are applied to the media. An example of this is the Society of Professional Journalists Code of Ethics(1), a standardized list of items that members of the SPJ use as a guide in their strides to be effective journalists. In a similar manner, media professionals sometimes use their code of ethics as a device toRead MoreQuestions On Academic Integrity Seminar1710 Words   |  7 Pagesseminar I do honest work. The words in this exercise will be mine, unless other sources are clearly identified. Cameron Rudasill from Stevenson University 1. Do you think Greenspan is being realistic or naive about the possibility of business ethics? I believe that Greenspan is being realistic about business ethics. In the article, he says that we should achieve success through work that has honor. Most business men in today’s society are honest and have fair values in mind. But I think the smallRead MoreWho Is Born Having Anencephaly Condition?967 Words   |  4 PagesTwo years ago I could remember sitting in class as we discussed current topics that came on the news the night before. The topic of a baby who was born having Anencephaly condition stirred a controversial yet emotional debate. This is a condition where the rostral (head) end of the neural tube fails to close resulting in the absence of a major portion of the brain, skull, and scalp. In other words, the baby has ‘no brain’. The child was born having ‘frog-like’ features, protruding eyes, scaly skinRead MoreHow Critical Thinking and Ethics Affect My Life Essay994 Words   |  4 PagesHow Critical Thinking and Ethics Affect my Life? Heather H. Hubbard Bryant amp; Stratton College Philosophy 250 Mr. Christopher Schwab October 19, 2011 How Critical thinking and Ethics Affect my Life. For this paper I was asked how critical thinking and ethics will affect my career as both a student and a professional, in order to answer that question I must first answer the question of what is critical thinking and ethics. One thing that is certain about success in any and all aspectsRead MoreWhat Is Ethics Essay646 Words   |  3 PagesEthics is the study of right and wrong conduct. (Ruggiero, 2008) â€Å"Over the past few decades, a sizable industry has arisen to serve the demand for ready-made and even customized compositions and term papers. Many students presumably believe there is nothing morally wrong with the practice of buying one of these papers and turning it in to fulfill a course requirement.† (Assignment) Explanation to my friend on the matter: When someone decides to buy a term paper/essay they are buying words thatRead MoreThe Well Being Aristotle And Human Happiness1000 Words   |  4 Pagesexistence† (Nicomachean Ethics). When one thinks about happiness, these words said by Aristotle allow us to understand its significance. Through Aristotle’s teachings, he made it clear that the point of life is to be happy. Aristotle uses the word happiness as having to do with a person’s life as a whole, and not as the constant desire of wanting to experience pleasure (Aristotle’s Ethics). People tend view happiness as an emotion that is not long lasting, while it is really about accumulating the good

The Learner as an Embodied Spirit free essay sample

The Learner Is An Embodied Spirit The apple of the eye in the teaching-learning process is the learner. All the methods and strategies used by the teacher are geared towards the interests and differences of the learners. This is in assumption that the learner is a union of sentient body and a rational soul. He has possessed qualities of an individual with unique characteristics. The teacher, therefore, must apply a humane form of approach considering that whatever his/her strategies will be will greatly affect the learner. As an embodied spirit, the learner is equipped with cognitive and appetitive faculties.These faculties define the learner of his needs and interests. It is then the responsibility of the teacher to meet and satisfy those needs with care and accuracy. If the learner is interested in aspects that are beyond the comprehension of the teacher, it will then become a challenge for the teacher on how to accommodate and satisfy the learner. We will write a custom essay sample on The Learner as an Embodied Spirit or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The teacher then should find ways to accommodate it. As an appetitive-laden individual, the learner should also be nourished with ideas and insights that suits to his appetite in learning and how s/he feels about it.The teacher as a guidance councilor, should facilitate circumstances that needs emotional and personal guidance so as to give the learners what they needed for. While learners are equipped with the cognitive and appetitive faculties they differ, however, in the degree as to which they are utilized and expressed. They may differ in their abilities, aptitudes, interests, values and attitudes. The learners have the ability to learn. They are capable of expressing themselves what they’ve got. The abilities may vary on the length or span of time that which learning is achieved. It’s because learner’s vary on their leaning levels.

The Evolution in Primate Locomotion and Body Configuration free essay sample

The Evolution in Primate Locomotion and Body Configuration Calista Lee Anthropology 115 The Evolution of Primate Locomotion and Body Configuration Primates first evolved from the trees of tropical forests, later to the ground. Through the times of promisians to human, many characteristics has been represented due to the adaptations to new environments and resulted in evolutionary changes. The Earth has encountered several geological and climatic changes over time. For the primates existed at that time had to adjust itself especially in body configurations and locomotion in order to better survive.It is important to be aware of this information since we are the part of occurring changes as well. Throughout the evolution owing to the transforming environments interacting with natural selection, primates developed their own ways to move better (meaning changes in locomotion) with different types of bodies (meaning changes in body configuration). Grade I – Lemuroids Lemuroids, including true lemurs, lorises and galagos are the most primitive ones among the living primates. We will write a custom essay sample on The Evolution in Primate Locomotion and Body Configuration or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page As they are the first grade of primates, they evolved in about 65 million years ago, in Paleocene epoch.Lemurs and lorises are the most primitive because they are more close to ancestral traits such as their reliance on olfaction, which enhances the sense of smell. Having dental comb, which formed by forward-projecting lower incisors and canines for feeding and grooming and grooming claw on the second toe are some distinguishable identities. Lemurs are only found on Madagascar and its adjacent islands. They vary in numerous species and ecological niches since they have no competition from monkeys and apes on the islands they live in. Lemurs range in size from the smallest mouse lemur with 5 inches to the indri with 2 to 3 feet (Nowak, 1999).The size of the lemur in comparison to other primates is an adaptation to the limited space on the island where it evolved (Jennifer, 2011). Locomotion of lemurs is diversified. Some are arboreal primarily and others are terrestrial like ring-tailed lemurs with their long, striped tails. It is common that some arboreal species are quadrupeds, and others (indris, ring-tails, and sifakas) are vertical clingers and leapers. Vertical clinging and leaping are the special characteristic of some lemurs and tarsiers. Lemurs are skillful climbers with strong hands and feet.Their hindlimbs are muscular to aid jumping from trees to trees. In midair to grab branches, they can twist their bodies at different angles. Since lemurs are adapted to climbing and jumping, many lemurs cannot walk up right. The sifaka lemur hops sideways on its back legs to overcome its inability to walk bipedally (Jennifer, 2011). Lorises are mostly found in tropical forests and woodlands of India, Sri Lanka, Southeast Asia and Africa. They somehow resemble lemurs, but they survived in mainland by adapting to nocturnal activity. They are slow and careful which contributes to the challenges of their predators to find lorises.Their forelimbs and hindlimbs are more similar in length and they lack long tails. The tail, which looks like thick fur is variety of colors. They are arboreal and use slow quadrupedalism that enables them to climb the trees. They also have flexible joints that allow suspension by hindlimbs while the hands are used in feeding (Fleagle, 1999). The size can vary on the species, ages. Adult lorises usually are in size of 15 inches and weigh up to 4. 4 pounds. Lorises have a powerful grasp that makes it difficult to remove them from branches, even though they are slow.Galagos are in the same general category with lorises due to their exhibitions of good grasping, climbing abilities and visual apparatus. Also called bush baby which was created by their cries or appearance, they evolved in the forested and woodland savanna areas of sub-Saharan Africa. They range in size from the size of the mouse to a small cat. Unlike lorises, however, they are nimble vertical clingers and leapers. They have large eyes that give them extraordinary night vision, developed strong hindlimbs, have acute hearing, and possesses long furred tails that help them with their balance (MacDonald, 2006).They have nails in all digits except for the grooming claw on the second toe. Their arms tend to be shorter than their legs, and they have strong hind legs for jumping, storing the elastic energy, which allows them to jump up to 6. 6 feet. Figure I. Galago showing its hands that grasp on the branch tight. Grade II – Tarsiers The second grade of primates evolved about 53 million years ago, in Eocene epoch. There are five tarsier species that all live in the islands of Southeast Asia, where they inhabit from tropical forest to backyard gardens (Jurmain, et al, 2011).They are considered to be closely related to lemurs and lorises (prosimian family) for the several traits that they share with Grade I primates while having some anthropoid features as well. However, tarsiers have distinctive characteristics that isolate them from other primates. They are categorized as the smallest creatures among the primate species and they are well known for their enormous eyes which is as large as its brain. They are normally nocturnal insectivores but sometimes carnivorous. They catch insects by jumping at them and as they jump from tree to tree, they even hunt for birds while in motion. The body size grows from 4 inches to 6 inches. Being one of the smallest primates, they comparatively have large hands and feet that reflects both clinging abilities and predatory habits of tarsiers (Fleagle, 1999). The fingers are elongated with the third finger much longer than others (about the length of the upper arm). Most digits have nails but they have grooming claws on their second and third fingers. Their feet have particularly elongated tarsal bones (ankle region), which the name of the animal is derived from. They move up to vertical surfaces due to their hands that acts like suction cups and are padded.Except for the hands and tail, the body is covered with hair. They have a thin tail that is about 7. 5 to 10 inches long and is mostly furless except there are small amount of hair at the end. They use their tails to balance themselves. Their fur is very soft and velvety and usually ocher or beige in color. Figure II. Tarsier clinging vertically on the tree branch with its hands and feet. They are vertical clingers and jumpers and they use this characteristic to surprise their prey. The hindlimbs are longer, usually as twice as much, and that enables them to leap well.They move from tree to tree by clinging vertically to a trunk or branch and then leaping to cling vertically to the next trunk or branch (Fleagle, 1999). They are known to able to jump up to seven feet. In order to leap effectively and easily, the lower leg bones are fused about halfway down their length, giving the leg more strength (â€Å"Tarsiers – Locomotion,† n. d. ). They hop on their long legs when not moving from branch to branch. Grade III – Monkeys The third grade of primates, monkeys, evolved about 35 million years ago in Oligocene epoch.Though there are variations among anthropoids, they share certain characteristics that distinguish them from prosimian groups such as a larger average body size (Jurmain, et al, 2011). They are divided into two groups, New and Old World monkeys by geographical area (as well as their separate evolutionary history) and several differences (that may have derived from the different habitat) in characteristics such as the shape of their noses and the type of tails. The noses of New World monkeys are flatter and broader with outward-facing nostrils whereas Old World monkeys have narrower noses with downward-facing nostrils.Also New World monkeys are the only ones with prehensile tails while in comparison Old World monkeys have shorter, non-grasping tails. Along the same way, although they are grouped together as monkeys for appropriate reasons, Old World monkeys are relat ed more closely to hominoids than to New World monkeys, proving that they are not a unitary group. Figure III. Female black howler monkey with its prehensile tail. New world monkeys consist of approximately 70 species. They occur widely in arboreal environments in Central, South America and southern Mexico throughout the forested areas.They live exclusively on the trees and some never even touch the ground. They range in size from small (pygmy marmoset which is 5. 5 to 6. 3 inches and weighs 4. 2 to 6. 7 oz) to mid-sized (howler monkey which weighs 20 pounds and southern muriqui that weighs up to 33 pounds). Most of New World monkeys are quadrupedal except some, such as spider monkeys, are semibrachiators that use their arms and tail to swing through the trees. As spider monkeys swing and move from trees to trees, they grip the branch with their hands. Marmosets and tamarins, the smallest within the group, have claws instead of nails and use them for climbing.Other species, such as howlers, spider monkeys and muriquis, have prehensile tails for locomotion and hanging from tree branches (Jurmain, et al, 2011). Overall, they have relatively short forearm and most lack opposable thumbs. They usually have prehensile tails, which act as a fifth thumb. They vary in wide range of locomotor abilities: leaping, arboreal quadrupedalism and suspensory postures used by larger species (Fleagle, 1999). Old World monkeys inhabit in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia throughout tropical jungle to semiarid desert and even in northern Japan where it is seasonally snow-covered.They are the most distributed primates except humans. They include many familiar species of primates such as macaques, baboons, colobus monkey, langur and mandrills. They vary in size from medium to large. The smallest known is the talapoin with the body length of 13 to 14. 5 inches and weight of 1. 5 to 3 pounds whereas the largest is male mandrill about 27. 5 inches of body length and 110 pounds in weight. Most are adapted to arboreal and quadrupedal lives but they do range in primary locomotion. Guenons, macaques, and langurs are adapted to arboreal quadrupedalism.Baboons and some other types of macaques are terrestrial quadrupedal while colobus monkeys use semibrachiation and acrobatic leaping (Jurmain, et al, 2011). In general, they have long thumbs and short fingers. Also their forelimbs and hindlimbs tend to be in similar size while having long trucks. They have non-prehensile tails but some species like colobus monkeys use their long tails to balance. Grade IV – Apes and Men The fourth grade of the primates, hominoids (which include apes and men), started 25 million years ago in Miocene epoch. This grade contains gibbons and siamangs, orangutans, gorillas, chimpanzees, bonobos and humans.They differ from monkeys in various ways: larger body size in general, shorter and more stable trunk, no tail and more complex behavior to name a few. Also they are more adapted to the life on ground than monkeys. Apes are native in Africa and Asia. â€Å"Gibbons and siamangs live in Southeast Asia and two orangutan subspecies live on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra. In Africa, until the mid- to late twentieth century, gorillas chimpanzees, and bonobos occupied the forested areas of western central, and eastern Africa, but their habitat is now extremely fragmented, and all are now threatened or highly endangered† (Jurmain, et al, 2011, p. 66). Gibbons and siamangs are the smallest among the apes. Gibbons have long and thin bodies that usually weigh about 13 pounds and largest siamangs with 25 pounds. Their distinctive locomotion is the brachiation with their long arms and they can jump up to 50 ft for this feature. But they can also leap (up to 26 ft) and walk bipedally with arms raised for balance. They have long, curved and slender digits on hands and feet with shorter thumb which help them to grab onto branches easily when they brachiate. Also their shoulder muscle is developed due to their locomotion.Their fur is generally gray, black or brown, often with white marks on face, feet and hands. Orangutans are the largest Asian ape. They are slow and careful climbers that use all four limbs to grasp and support. They sometimes move quadrupedally on the ground though they are arboreal (Jurmain, et al, 2011). They have a short pollex, hook like hands with long curved fingers and very long forelimbs. Also their hindlimbs are very mobile due to the short, hand like feet with long, curved digits and a reduced hallux. Curved fingers and toes and opposable thumb and toe allow them to grasp tight on things easily.Females and immature orangutans tend to be totally arboreal while adult males move around by slow quadrumanous climbing which they use hands and feet interchangeably as they move and transfer themselves from tree to free. Their hands held in a fist they walk quadrupedally on the ground (Fleagle, 1999). They are large and bulky. Males are large which can weigh more than 200 pounds whereas females weigh no more than 100 pounds. The body is mostly covered with long reddish-brown hair on grey-black skin. Some males can grow some hair like moustache.Gorillas are the largest species of living primates. Adult males can weigh up to 400 pounds and females, usually half of the size of silverback, weigh around 150 to 200 pounds. They are most famous for their knuckle-walking which is included in terrestrial quadrupedalism. But they sometimes walk bipedally for short distances for carrying food or defending themselves. They have relatively long forelimbs and short truck which is a result from adaption for knuckle-walking. Their hands are broad and have large pollex. They rarely climb trees which mean they mostly rest on the ground (Fleagle, 1999).Chimpanzees are considered to be the closest living relative to humans for their communication, appearance and bone structure. They share similar limp proportions and upper body shape with gorillas. Male can weigh up to 150 pounds and grow up to 5. 6 feet whereas females tend to be smaller. When on the ground they walk quadrupedally and do knuckle-walking. Also they sometimes walk bipedally for short distances to carry objects. However, they spend more time in the trees using brachiation. Bonobos, previously called pygmy chimpanzees, are slightly more gracile than chimpanzees.They have slender upper body, thin neck, narrow shoulders, and legs that are relatively longer than arms. On ground they use quadrupedal knuckle-walking and bipedal walking occurs rarely. It can be said that bonobos are more arboreal than chimpanzees. Humans are upright, bipedal primates habitually. They have relatively short truck and long arms than other primates. The hands consist of short and slender fingers and opposable thumb for easy grasp. The hallux is aligned with other toes which is adapted to bipedal walking patterns. They have flexible limbs and grasping hands that indicate their primate, arboreal past.Humans in current time has lost noticeable amount of hair which covered almost the entire body before. When compared with other species, humans have a highly developed brain capable of abstract reasoning, language, and introspection. This mental capability, combined with an erect body carriage that frees their upper limbs for manipulating objects, has allowed humans to make a far greater use of tools than any other species (Fleagle, 1999). Humans are the only species that write, think, depend on culture, have desire to learn and create complex social structures. Figure IV. Showing the link between ape and man.It is evident that humans have evolved from primates. Especially when I visited Los Angeles Zoo after seeing the different kinds of primates it became clearer. The behaviors and even appearances of several primates were similar to that of humans. The most amazing and memorable experience was to see the chimpanzees. They seemed to be in a society, just like ours with expressions and hierarchies. Knowing where we came from and understanding evolution is important because not only is it the starting point of our species, but also the first step of all the other species that reside with us in this planet.Since the time of prosimians until now, many environmental changes and natural selection occurred which transformed the world that the primates lived in. In order to survive, primates, on each grade, gradually created their own developments in body configuration and traveling position from arboreal to bipedal. The locomotion of primates have shifted successfully adapting their bodies suitable to remain alive due to the natural selection that interacted with environmental factors. References Alemseged, Z. , Coppens, Y. , Geraads, D. (2002) Hominid cranium from Omo: description and taxonomy of Omo-323-1976-896.